Relationships (Relational Patterns) of the Main Actors in The Halal Product Certification Chain in Indonesia

Abstract

Since the enactment of law no. 33 of 2014 concerning Halal Product Guarantee, matters of halal certification are no longer entirely in the hands of the Indonesian Ulema Council, where previously halal certification norms were voluntary, but now they are mandatory. There are three main actors in the halal certification chain in Indonesia. These actors are the Halal Product Guarantee Organizing Agency (BPJPH), the Halal Inspection Institute (LPH), and the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI). This research focuses on studying the role of each actor and the relationships (relationship patterns) between each institution or actor in creating a good halal industrial ecosystem in Indonesia, especially for food products. It is hoped that the results of this research will provide an overview and understanding of the flow of halal certification and the authority of each actor involved, especially explaining the relationship patterns of each actor involved in the halal certification chain in Indonesia. In fact, in implementing the JPH Law, halal registration and labeling matters fall under the authority of the State through BPJPH which is an administrative area, ingredients and product content are checked which is a scientific area through LPH, and halalness is determined, which is an area of religious substance through the MUI. The method used in this research is qualitative, analyzing the points using a critical legal theory approach or critical legal studies (CLS), supported by a stakeholder analysis approach to identify, categorize, and investigate relationships between stakeholders.